Guilt

A cognitive or an emotional experience that occurs when a person realises or believes - whether justified or not - that they have violated a moral standard and is responsible for that violation.

The word 'guilt' has the unfortunate implication of a hopeless situation, so it is better to use the terms compunction or contrition in a theological setting. Feelings of guilt are only constructive if they lead to repentance, forgiveness, reconciliation, justification, and sanctification.